All Articles
Browse every published article, from the latest research to earlier analysis. Use the page numbers below to explore the complete archive.
Diazepam Changed Stress-Related Cardiac Markers in Rats, Not Clinical Cardiac Outcomes
A biochemical marker result is not a demonstrated reduction in heart attacks or mortality. An experiment in stress-exposed rats reported that diazepam modified selected inflammatory, lipid and cardiac-related markers.
Diluted Diazepam Can Be Supersaturated Even Before Obvious Precipitation
A clear-looking admixture does not necessarily establish thermodynamic stability. A laboratory study examined diazepam injections diluted in infusion fluids.
Lorazepam Response in Nodding Syndrome Was a Short-Term Catatonia Finding
Improvement on a symptom scale does not establish treatment of an entire neurological syndrome. A Ugandan pilot evaluated catatonic features in children with nodding syndrome.
NFLIS Benzodiazepine Reports Counted Seized Drug Identifications Rather Than Users
A forensic laboratory report is a different unit from a person, exposure or death. An NFLIS-Drug analysis estimated benzodiazepine identifications submitted to forensic laboratories during 2015–2018.
Brief Deprescribing Interventions Worked, but Component Coding Did Not Explain Effect Size
An effective package does not establish which ingredient produced its benefit. A review of eight primary-care trials found brief interventions improved long-term benzodiazepine or Z-drug discontinuation compared with usual care.
Dementia Dental-Sedation Study: Within-Group Change Was Not a Clear Between-Group Effect
Statistical significance in one group alone does not establish a difference between groups. Ten elderly patients with severe dementia and ten without cognitive impairment received midazolam to a common clinical sedation target.
Maternal Intravenous Diazepam and Neonatal Outcomes Differed From Oral Premedication Findings
Route and dose should not be collapsed into a single exposure label. A retrospective series followed 298 breastfed term neonates after maternal postpartum procedures involving ketamine and diazepam.
The Large Percentage Rise in Illicit-Benzodiazepine Deaths Had a Small Starting Count
Percentage change, absolute count and co-involvement all belong in a trend explanation. A multistate report examined overdose trends during 2019–2020.
Remimazolam Reduced Induction Hypotension in a Small Valve-Surgery Trial
A benefit during induction is not a complete comparison of postoperative outcomes. Sixty valve-replacement patients were analyzed in a remimazolam-versus-propofol study.
Remimazolam Endoscopy Success Included Rescue and Supplemental-Dose Rules
A sedation-success endpoint can depend on the trial protocol as well as the patient’s response. A seven-study endoscopy review tabulated success criteria including procedure completion, restrictions on rescue sedation and limits on supplemental dosing.
Patients and Prescribers Reported Different Barriers to Benzodiazepine Deprescribing
Assumed patient resistance can differ from what patients actually report. A systematic review of stakeholder perspectives found patients could be willing to discuss stopping benzodiazepine receptor agonists, while physicians sometimes anticipated resistance.
CBT-Assisted Benzodiazepine Discontinuation Evidence Came From Only Three Anxiety Trials
An encouraging pooled effect still needs its evidence-base size disclosed. A systematic review found that cognitive behavioral therapy combined with gradual tapering improved benzodiazepine discontinuation compared with tapering alone in anxiety-disorder populations.
Four Prescribing Interventions Improved Together Without Showing Which Caused the Change
A common improvement across active groups can leave the shared component and background trend unresolved. A study of physicians with very high benzodiazepine and Z-drug prescribing compared four feedback or professional-support interventions.
Parkinson’s Disease Benzodiazepine Findings Varied by Cognitive Task
A group can differ on short-term memory without differing on every cognitive or motor measure. A Parkinson’s disease sample compared people taking benzodiazepines with nonusers.
Midazolam Before Tonsil Surgery: Nonsignificant Recovery Differences Still Had Uncertainty
A nonsignificant result does not show that two recovery times are identical. A pediatric tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy study examined midazolam premedication, including children with obstructive sleep apnea.
Midazolam–Ketamine Pediatric Colonoscopy Had More Recovery Events Than Propofol–Fentanyl
The observation window can change how a sedative combination appears to perform. A retrospective study of sixty-eight children compared midazolam–ketamine with propofol–fentanyl.
Amnesia in a Small Middle-Ear Surgery Trial: Percentages and Statistical Precision
Different observed percentages do not necessarily establish a reliable between-group difference. Forty tympanoplasty patients were randomized to fentanyl with propofol or midazolam.
Lorazepam Resolved Slow Periodic Discharges in a Meningioma Case
Paired clinical and EEG changes can be more informative than either observation alone. A patient with cerebral palsy and a large meningioma developed subtle nonconvulsive status epilepticus.
A Dental Diazepam Study’s Oxygen-Saturation Result Was Not an Equivalence Test
Failure to detect a difference does not prove that respiratory risk is identical. A periodontal-surgery study compared oral conscious sedation with a nonsedated approach and reported no statistically significant difference in oxygen saturation.
Epilepsy Tissue Findings Came From Patients With Extensive Medication Exposure
Human tissue evidence still requires attention to the clinical exposures behind the specimen. A temporal-lobe epilepsy study examined GABA-related measures in patients with psychiatric symptoms.
Clonidine’s Midazolam-Sparing Signal Depended on Adjustment in a Small ICU Trial
An adjusted estimate and an unadjusted comparison should be reported distinctly. Forty ventilated ICU patients received clonidine or placebo alongside usual sedation.
A Benzodiazepine-Like Modulator Improved One Mouse Phenotype While Worsening Others
A mechanistically promising compound can have opposing effects across behavioral domains. In an immune-mediated mouse neurodevelopmental model, SH-053-2F-S-CH3 reduced an amphetamine-hypersensitivity phenotype.
Catatonia Improved With a Stimulant After Other Treatments: Limits of a Benzodiazepine Nonresponse Case
Failure of an initial treatment does not by itself resolve the diagnosis. A bipolar-disorder case report described persistent catatonic and functional symptoms despite several interventions, including benzodiazepines.
A Ketamine ICU Series Cannot Prove Superiority to Benzodiazepine Sedation
Historical comparison is weaker than a concurrent randomized comparison. A retrospective series described thirty ventilated adults receiving prolonged ketamine sedation.
Low Oxygen Saturation in a Midazolam-Containing Mouse Anesthetic Mixture
Monitoring several vital signs can reveal effects that an anesthetic-depth score misses. Thirty-two mice were assigned among four anesthetic protocols.
São Paulo’s Tranquilizer Survey Did Not Measure Acute Benzodiazepine Impairment
A prevalence survey answers who reported use, rather than how impaired users were. A population survey in São Paulo interviewed more than two thousand residents and estimated recent psychotropic use.
D-PRESCRIBE’s Protocol Cited Earlier Benzodiazepine Results but Did Not Report Its Own Outcomes
Background results belong to the earlier trial that generated them. The D-PRESCRIBE protocol proposed a pharmacist-led educational intervention for older adults using several potentially inappropriate medication classes.
A Pediatric Seizure-Infusion Commentary Should Not Be Counted as a Second Cohort
A letter discussing another study does not add independent patients to the evidence base. A published commentary addressed complications during benzodiazepine and pentobarbital infusions for pediatric refractory status epilepticus.
Midazolam Permeability in Frog Intestine: A Model Requires Its Species Limits
Intestinal permeability is only one part of systemic drug exposure. An in-situ frog intestinal-perfusion experiment used midazolam and losartan as probe substrates.
Lisdexamfetamine Did Not Meaningfully Change Midazolam Exposure in a Healthy-Volunteer Study
A negative metabolic interaction result does not establish that combined behavioral effects are absent. Thirty healthy volunteers participated in a crossover interaction study using several enzyme probes.